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Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller

Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von (1759-1805). German Romantic poet, essayist and dramatist. His most important works - including many poems set as songs by composers and also his mature dramas such as Wallenstein and Maria Stuart - focussed on the spiritual freedom of the individual and the artist, on moral idealism and the poetic and philosophical concept of a beautiful soul. During the middle nineteenth century he was ranked alongside Goethe at the apogee of German Romantic literature; this began to inspire resentment in developing patriotic Czech artistic circles during the late 1850s, for example when the Prague Schiller anniversary festival was seen to be eclipsing native Czech art.